Final answer:
Cytogenetic mapping, radiation hybrid mapping, and sequence mapping are physical mapping techniques used to find the specific chromosomes containing genes of interest, providing crucial details for the complete mapping of the human genome.
Step-by-step explanation:
A physical mapping technique that can be used to determine the human chromosome containing a gene of interest is cytogenetic mapping. This method involves analyzing stained sections of chromosomes under a microscope, allowing researchers to approximate the distance between genetic markers. Another method is radiation hybrid mapping, which uses radiation, such as x-rays, to break DNA into fragments, creating a map that is unaffected by recombination frequency. The third method is sequence mapping, which relies on DNA sequencing technology to provide the position of genes with great accuracy.
To build a detailed map of the human genome, both genetic linkage maps and physical maps are necessary. These maps are vital for studying individual genes and have many applications, including the identification of genes that cause diseases. Researchers and the public can access comprehensive maps of the human genome through central databases like the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), which facilitate continued genomic research and advancement.