Final answer:
The practice where a woman is married to more than one man at the same time is called polyandry, which occurs in a small percentage of cultures and is less prevalent than polygyny, where a man has multiple wives.
Step-by-step explanation:
In a few societies, a practice exists where women are permitted to have multiple husbands simultaneously, while men cannot have multiple wives at the same time. This specific form of marriage is known as polyandry. It contrasts the more common practice of polygyny, where one man is married to multiple women at the same time. Polyandry is much less prevalent, occurring in approximately 1 percent of the world's cultures. The reasons for the majority of societies favoring polygamous arrangements, especially polygyny, include various factors like population growth, religious ideologies, and social status.
Despite the acceptance of polygamy in certain societies, a small fraction of the population actually practices it. Wealthy, older, high-status men are most likely to have multiple spouses, and as societies become more urbanized and exposed to mass media, technology, and education, the practice of polygamy tends to decline.