Final answer:
Industrialization prompted people to move to cities for employment, which led to the growth of urban areas. Karl Marx advocated for the proletariat to rebel and establish a classless, communistic society. Marxism didn't realize the anticipated outcome, with the first communist revolution occurring in Russia, not Britain.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the era of industrialization, due to a lack of available land and various other factors such as wars and natural disasters, people mainly moved to cities to find jobs. Urbanization occurred as they sought wage labor in industrial settings that offered more promise than the declining countryside estates.
In the 'Communist Manifesto', written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, Marx called for the working class to rebel to create an equal society without private ownership. This rebellion was envisioned as a response to the excesses and inequalities perpetuated by capitalism, leading to a classless society where production and wealth would be communally owned.
Despite the anticipation that revolutions would start in the most industrialized nations like Britain, the first major communist revolution occurred in Russia. Marxism thus did not unfold exactly as projected by Marx, bringing about debates on the efficacy of his dialectical materialism.