Final answer:
In graphic novel terminology, when an image extends past the edge of the panel, it is known as a 'bleed,' which is not listed among the provided options; hence, the answer is 'none of these.'
Step-by-step explanation:
The graphic novel term that describes how an image extends beyond the edge of the panel is bleed. Bleed occurs when the artwork goes past the edge of where the page will be trimmed, meaning there is no border around the edges. This intentional extension can be used to convey a sense of openness or the feeling that the scene is larger than the confines of the panel itself. While this term is not listed in the options provided, the correct term does not appear in the list. Thus, the answer would be N) none of these.