Final answer:
The late nineteenth century in Europe was marked by intense rivalries among the great powers, unresolved territorial conflicts, and a complex system of alliances and military buildups. These factors brought Europe to the brink of war.
Step-by-step explanation:
The late nineteenth century in Europe was marked by a number of factors that brought the continent to the brink of war. One significant factor was the intense rivalry between the 'great powers' of Europe, who sought to dominate one another. This led to a fragile balance of power, with each power trying to expand its territory and influence at the expense of others.
Furthermore, unresolved conflicts and territorial grievances, such as the dispute between Prussia (Germany) and France over Alsace-Lorraine, created tensions that could potentially escalate into a full-scale war.
Add to this the complex web of alliances and military buildups, and the stage was set for a regional conflict like the one in the Balkans to spiral into a large-scale war involving multiple powers.