Final answer:
Sir Edwin Chadwick used D) data documenting unhealthy conditions to successfully argue for the establishment of the Public Health Acts, aiming to address the public health crisis caused by the Industrial Revolution's impact on living conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Sir Edwin Chadwick used data documenting unhealthy conditions to inspire Parliament to establish the Public Health Acts. He advocated for sanitary reform by providing concrete evidence of the wretched living conditions and the adverse effects they had on public health, notably among the working class. The diseased state of urban areas, evidenced by rampant incidences of cholera and other infectious diseases due to poor sanitation, highlighted the necessity of formal legislation to improve public health infrastructure.
Chadwick's reports helped to educate politicians and the public about the dire consequences of neglecting public health, leading to pivotal reforms. His work shone a light on the consequences of the Industrial Revolution, such as the overcrowding in slums and the ensuing health crisis. Such reforms included the Public Health Act of 1848 and later laws aimed at improving urban conditions and regulating industrial emissions.