Final answer:
The three basic types of rocks are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.
Step-by-step explanation:
Rocks can be classified into three types: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks are formed when molten liquid of the Earth's core cools and solidifies, examples include basalt and granite.
Sedimentary rocks are formed by the deposition and cementation of rock fragments or the shells of living organisms, examples include sandstone and shale.
Metamorphic rocks are formed when high temperature or pressure alters pre-existing igneous or sedimentary rocks, examples include marble and slate.