Final answer:
Progress during the Industrial Revolution and the era of Imperialism resulted in advancements in technology and industry, providing benefits to some while causing negative consequences for others, including workers and colonized peoples.
c is correct
Step-by-step explanation:
Based on what was learned during the study of Imperialism and the Industrial Revolution, progress can be defined as c) positive change resulting from various factors and can have both positive and negative consequences. The Industrial Revolution led to technological advancements and the transition from manual labor to machine-based manufacturing, signified by the rise of the steam engine, power loom, and steam locomotive. These changes improved efficiency and productivity but also caused significant social and economic shifts; workers had to adapt to new types of jobs and working conditions, and societies had to deal with the impacts of rapid urbanization.
The beneficiaries of progress during this era included business owners and investors who capitalized on the efficiency of mass production and assembly lines, leading to the expansion of industries such as textiles and transportation. However, the consequences were not universally positive; many workers endured long hours, low pay, and hazardous working conditions. The demand for raw materials also fueled European imperialism, as nations sought to control resources and markets worldwide, often exploiting and subjugating colonized peoples.
Examples of progress providing both benefits and drawbacks include the expansion of railroads, which enhanced travel and commerce but often displaced native populations and altered ecosystems; the telegraph and later the radio, which revolutionized communication but also concentrated control of information; and the growth of corporations, which offered economic stability yet frequently led to monopolies and reduced competition.