Final answer:
Bruno can measure his body composition using BMI, skinfold calipers, Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis, and waist circumference. Each method has its own advantages and limitations, with BMI being the simplest but not accounting for muscle mass and waist circumference indicating abdominal fat distribution.
Step-by-step explanation:
Bruno can use several methods to measure his body composition as he works towards his fitness goals. These include Body Mass Index (BMI), skinfold calipers, Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA), and waist circumference.
BMI is calculated by dividing a person's weight in kilograms by the square of their height in meters. However, BMI has limitations because it does not account for muscle mass and can misrepresent body composition. For example, a muscular athlete may have the same BMI as someone with more body fat, making the athlete appear overweight by BMI standards.
Skinfold calipers measure the thickness of skinfolds at various points of the body. This method estimates fat mass based on the thickness of the skinfolds. It's a practical and accessible technique but may vary in accuracy depending on the skill of the person performing the measurements and the standards used for comparison.
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) uses a device that sends a small electric current through the body to estimate body fat percentage based on the resistance encountered by the current. This method is influenced by factors such as hydration levels and may require standard conditions for most accurate results.
Lastly, measuring waist circumference can also provide information about fat distribution in the abdomen, which is an additional predictor of health risks like cardiovascular disease and Type 2 diabetes.