Final answer:
Separations due to poor performance, layoffs, or restructuring fall under the staffing function of HRM. This includes strategies for both employee retention and managing workforce reductions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Separations due to poor performance, layoffs, or restructuring are part of the staffing function in Human Resource Management (HRM). Staffing is a comprehensive process that not only involves hiring but also includes retention strategies to minimize the need for separations. When businesses face challenging circumstances such as a failure to meet profit goals or the need for cost-cutting measures, downsizing may occur. This involves laying off a significant percentage of the workforce.
Industrial-organizational psychologists may assist in this process by determining how to best support both laid-off employees, with separation packages, and those retained, by addressing issues such as job insecurity and organizational commitment. In scenarios involving high-stakes mergers or restructuring, staffing functions are key to managing the organizational changes, which may include the loss of jobs or shifts in employee roles.