Final answer:
Many Chinese follow the precepts of Confucius, which call for social behavior based on empathy and understanding, centered on the principle of 'reciprocity' or the silver rule. Confucian teachings focus on order, respect for authority, and jen, the kind treatment of others.
Step-by-step explanation:
Many Chinese still follow the precepts of Confucius, which believe that social behavior must be derived from sympathy for one's fellows. Confucius, also known as Kong Fuzi, was a philosopher whose thoughts gave rise to Confucianism, a system that profoundly influenced Chinese society, government, and ethics. Central to Confucian philosophy is the concept of 'reciprocity,' also referred to as the silver rule, which entails understanding and empathy towards others, focusing on secular morality rather than religious doctrine.
Confucianism emphasizes the importance of hierarchy and social order, where everyone knows their place and acts accordingly. The teachings that Confucius compiled in the Analects guide individuals on self-discipline, respect for authority and tradition, and the kind treatment of every person, known as jen. Despite being abolished as an official religion by the communist revolution in 1949, Confucian principles continue to have a significant cultural impact on many in China, resembling a 'civil religion' that underpins moral norms and standards of conduct in political and cultural life.