Final answer:
The relationship between psychotherapy and psychoanalysis is that psychoanalysis is a specific type of psychotherapy developed by Freud, focusing on the unconscious mind. Psychotherapy is a broad field that includes many different therapeutic approaches, including psychoanalysis, showing the diverse ways of treating mental disorders through psychological means.
Step-by-step explanation:
The alternative that best expresses the relationship between psychotherapy and psychoanalysis is C) Psychotherapy encompasses various therapeutic approaches, including psychoanalysis. Psychotherapy is a broad term that refers to the treatment of mental disorders by psychological rather than medical means. Psychoanalysis is a specific type of psychotherapy developed by Sigmund Freud, which focuses on revealing the unconscious content of a client's psyche to alleviate psychic tension. It is based on the understanding of human psychology and the influence of the unconscious mind on conscious behavior.
Psychoanalysis uses techniques such as dream analysis, free association, and examination of slips of the tongue to explore the unconscious. It is one of the many approaches under the umbrella of psychotherapy, alongside cognitive therapy, behavioral therapy, and other modern treatments. Despite being one of the earlier forms of psychotherapy, it is not considered a more modern version; rather, it has been supplemented by subsequent developments in the field of psychology, including client-centered therapy, behaviorism, and the cognitive revolution.
Moreover, Drama Therapy, a psychotherapeutic approach that draws upon theater techniques, also falls under the broad category of psychotherapy, showing the breadth of therapeutic practices within this field.