Final answer:
Revolutionaries in Cuba, led by Fidel Castro, succeeded in overthrowing Fulgencio Batista and established a socialist government in 1959, which remains in place today.
Step-by-step explanation:
Revolutionaries succeeded in establishing a socialist government in Cuba that persists today. The Cuban Revolution, initiated by Fidel Castro, overthrew the US-backed dictator Fulgencio Batista and brought significant changes to the country.
Castro's victory on New Year's Day 1959 symbolized a shift towards socialism, as he nationalized foreign landholdings and various industries, effectively eradicating foreign business ownership within Cuba. Castro's reforms garnered support from many, especially the poor, as he aimed to improve worker conditions and promised democratic rule.
However, despite initial promises, Castro's regime never conducted free elections and cracked down on any opposition, aligning with Marxist doctrines and leading to significant dissent among landowners and other groups.