Final answer:
The incorrect statement about tRNA is that the corresponding amino acid is bound to the 5' end; it is actually bound to the 3' end. tRNAs play a crucial role in protein synthesis by carrying amino acids and pairing anticodons with mRNA codons.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that is incorrect regarding tRNA is: 3) The corresponding amino acid is bound to the 5' end of tRNA. Instead, the amino acid is bound to the 3' end of the tRNA molecule. tRNA molecules have a cloverleaf structure in two dimensions, and they carry an anticodon that pairs with the codon in mRNA during the process of protein synthesis. Additionally, tRNA contains post-transcriptionally modified bases and they do not form into polymer chains. Each tRNA molecule has a specific anticodon that is complementary to an mRNA codon and can recognize multiple codons for the same amino acid through a process called wobbling.
The incorrect statement regarding tRNA is indeed: "The corresponding amino acid is bound to the 5' end of tRNA." Contrarily, the amino acid is bound to the 3' end of the tRNA molecule. tRNA molecules exhibit a distinctive cloverleaf structure in two dimensions, each carrying an anticodon that precisely pairs with the complementary codon in mRNA during the protein synthesis process. Additionally, tRNA molecules contain post-transcriptionally modified bases, contributing to their functional diversity. Unlike forming polymer chains, individual tRNA molecules remain distinct entities, each possessing a specific anticodon complementary to an mRNA codon. The concept of wobbling allows a single tRNA to recognize multiple codons for the same amino acid, showcasing the adaptability of the translation process.