Final answer:
The theory of reasoned action states that effective change requires specific intentions, positive attitudes, and perception of positive social group attitudes. Attitudes can be influenced by external and internal factors, and cognitive dissonance motivates attitude change.
Step-by-step explanation:
The theory that states effective change requires individuals to have specific intentions about their behaviors, positive attitudes about the new behavior, and perceive positive social group attitudes towards the new behavior is the theory of reasoned action. Attitudes are our evaluations or feelings towards a person, idea, or object, and they can be influenced by both external and internal factors. Cognitive dissonance is an internal form of attitude change that occurs when our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are in conflict, and it motivates individuals to reduce dissonance by changing behaviors, attitudes, cognitions, or adding new cognitions.