Final answer:
Selection on multilocus genotypes can result in different types of selection, such as disruptive selection. An example of disruptive selection is sexual dimorphism.
Step-by-step explanation:
Selection on multilocus genotypes refers to the process by which natural selection influences the allele frequencies in a population, causing individuals to become more or less genetically similar. There are different types of selection on multilocus genotypes, including directional selection, stabilizing selection, disruptive selection, and balancing selection. An example of selection on multilocus genotypes is disruptive selection, where phenotypes in the middle of the range are selected against, resulting in two overlapping phenotypes, one at each end of the distribution. A specific example of disruptive selection is sexual dimorphism, where differences between the phenotypes of males and females of the same species exist, such as in humans with height and body shape differences.
An example of selection on multilocus genotypes is disruptive selection (option 3). This form of selection occurs when environmental conditions favor individuals at both extremes of the phenotypic spectrum over individuals with intermediate phenotypes. An example of this in nature would be scenarios where multiple male forms within a species are advantageous, such as large, dominant alpha males and smaller males that can sneak copulations; whereas, medium-sized males may be at a disadvantage.