Final answer:
The cellular process depicted is DNA Replication, which occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle. DNA replication is critical for providing each daughter cell with an identical copy of DNA after cell division. It is part of the interphase, preceding mitosis and cytokinesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The name of the cellular process depicted in the model is Replication. This is the process by which a cell duplicates its DNA during the Synthesis phase (S phase) of the cell cycle, which occurs before the cell enters the mitotic phase.
During the G1 phase, the cell grows and produces proteins. In the S phase, the crucial process of DNA replication takes place, ensuring that each daughter cell will receive an exact copy of the DNA. Finally, the cell undergoes further growth and protein synthesis during the G2 phase. After these stages, the cell is prepared to enter mitosis, followed by cytokinesis, resulting in the formation of two daughter cells.
Transcription and translation are components of protein synthesis, which is a different process. Transcription occurs in the nucleus, where mRNA is produced from DNA, which subsequently translates into proteins during translation.