Final answer:
Beneficence emphasizes acting for the good of participants, justice emphasizes fairness in treatment and distribution of healthcare, and respect involves ethical treatment and attributing credit to sources.
Step-by-step explanation:
Beneficence, justice, and respect are essential principles when conducting research, especially involving human subjects.
- Beneficence emphasizes acting in ways that benefit others and considering the interests and well-being of research participants. Researchers must ensure fair treatment, respect participants' rights, and advance both the interests of participants and scientific knowledge.
- Justice requires equitable distribution of healthcare and fairness in treatment. In research, it entails treating all participants equally, avoiding special treatment, and designing trials and participation requirements that promote impartiality.
- Respect involves ethical treatment of subjects, respecting privacy and anonymity, and attributing credit to sources. It encompasses informed consent, honest communication, confidentiality, humanely treating animals used in research, and compliance with guidelines set by institutional review boards.