Final answer:
The Renaissance is the period in Italian history that emerged as Byzantine scholars fled to Rome with ancient works and literature after Constantinople was captured by the Ottoman Turks in 1453. This era was characterized by a revival of ancient Greek and Roman knowledge which influenced the arts, science, and philosophy in Italy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The period in Italian history that came about as a result of Byzantine scholars fleeing the burning city of Constantinople carrying ancient works and literature to the city of Rome is known as the Renaissance. This era, which began in the 1300s in the city-states of northern Italy, was a time of great intellectual and artistic renewal inspired by the cultural achievements of ancient Greece and Rome. The Renaissance marked the transition from the medieval world to the early modern age, largely due to the influx of knowledge and classical texts brought by scholars after the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks in 1453.
The Renaissance involved the revival of Greek and Roman literature, philosophy, and science, with Byzantine émigrés playing a crucial role in this cultural rebirth. They had preserved and became custodians of the knowledge that would ignite a transformation in the west, particularly in Italy. The recovery and study of these ancient texts had a profound impact on the arts, philosophy, and the perception of human potential during the Renaissance.