Final answer:
The pulmonary veins incorrectly stated as carrying deoxygenated blood actually carry oxygen-rich blood to the left atrium of the heart, making statement 2 false and statement 1 true.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that pulmonary veins carry relatively deoxygenated blood is incorrect. In fact, the pulmonary veins are the only veins that carry highly oxygenated blood. They return this oxygen-rich blood from the lungs back to the left atrium of the heart. From the left atrium, blood is then pumped into the left ventricle, and subsequently into the aorta for distribution throughout the systemic circuit of the body. Therefore, the correct statement about the pulmonary veins is that they return blood to the left atrium, while carrying oxygenated blood, not deoxygenated blood.
The assertion that pulmonary veins transport relatively deoxygenated blood is inaccurate. Contrarily, pulmonary veins serve as the exclusive conduits for highly oxygenated blood. This oxygen-enriched blood, having undergone oxygenation in the lungs, returns from the pulmonary circulation to the left atrium of the heart. Subsequently, the left atrium propels the oxygenated blood into the left ventricle, which then contracts, propelling the oxygen-rich blood into the aorta. The aorta facilitates the distribution of this oxygenated blood throughout the systemic circuit, ensuring vital oxygen supply to tissues and organs. Therefore, the precision lies in recognizing the pulmonary veins as vessels dedicated to returning oxygenated blood to the heart's left atrium, dispelling any notion of deoxygenation.