Final answer:
The rise of the Mongol Empire was characterized by advanced siege warfare skills, complex troop coordination through signaling systems, and a merit-based promotion system in military and government roles. Naval warfare was not a key factor in their success, nor did they employ closed-rank phalanx formations. The correct options are A,C,D.
Step-by-step explanation:
Three characteristics of the rise of the Mongol Empire include:
-
- Army employed advanced techniques in siege warfare and an able cavalry: The Mongols were masters of siege warfare thanks to their recruitment of Chinese engineers who taught them how to construct various siege engines such as catapults, trebuchets, and battering rams. Their cavalry, entirely consisting of skilled horsemen, allowed for swift and impactful military campaigns.
-
- Complex signaling systems allowed for the coordination of troops: Mongol commanders used torches, whistling arrows, and flags to direct their troops with precision on the battlefield. This level of coordination and the ability to strike terror into the hearts of their enemies were crucial components of their military strategy.
-
- Promotions in the military and government based on merit: The Mongol Empire's governance and military structure rewarded merit over hereditary privilege, enabling them to utilize the skills and talents of individuals to strengthen their empire.
Naval battles, on the other hand, were not central to their success, as the Mongols lacked experience in this area. They adapted to naval warfare only when necessary, by relying on non-Mongol experts.
Additionally, the Mongols did not use military techniques like closed-rank phalanx formations; their tactics were much more focused on mobility and surprise, utilizing the prowess of their cavalry and archers.The correct options are A,C,D.