Final answer:
The Babinski reflex is elicited by stroking the plantar surface of the foot, causing dorsiflexion of the foot and extension of the toes. This reflex is commonly tested in newborn infants to assess neuromuscular function.
Step-by-step explanation:
The reflex that is elicited by stroking the plantar surface of the foot from heel to toe is called the Babinski reflex.
To elicit this reflex, an examiner brushes a stimulus along the plantar surface of the foot. In newborn infants, the reflex causes the foot to dorsiflex and the toes to extend and splay out. However, as a person learns to walk, the reflex changes to cause curling of the toes and a moderate plantar flexion.
The Babinski reflex is an important reflex to test in newborns to establish the presence of neuromuscular function, but in adults it can indicate reduced myelination of the spinal tract.