Question

How many F factors are allowed per bacterial chromosome?

Answer 1

Typically, there is only one F factor allowed per bacterial chromosome, which can be transferred from an Hfr cell to an F- cell during conjugation.

Step-by-step explanation:

The F factor, also known as the fertility factor, is an important element in bacterial genetics that allows for DNA transfer between cells through the process of conjugation. Normally, only one F factor is present per bacterial chromosome. An F+ cell contains the F plasmid and is capable of forming a conjugation pilus, while an Hfr cell contains the F plasmid integrated into its chromosome. During conjugation, genes can be transferred from the Hfr cell to a recipient F- cell, and the timing of this transfer can be used to map the bacterial genome. However, due to the transient nature of cell contact during conjugation, it is uncommon for the entire chromosome to be transferred.

Answer 2

Bacterial chromosomes typically allow for a single F factor.

Step-by-step explanation:

Bacterial chromosomes are generally characterized by the presence of one F factor. The F factor, or fertility factor, is a segment of DNA that plays a crucial role in bacterial conjugation, the process by which genetic material is transferred between bacterial cells. This factor carries the necessary genes for the formation of a sex pilus, which facilitates the transfer of genetic material from a donor to a recipient cell. In most bacterial genomes, only one F factor is present, ensuring the controlled and efficient exchange of genetic information during conjugation.

The limitation to a single F factor per bacterial chromosome is a fundamental aspect of bacterial genetics. This restriction ensures the stability and integrity of the bacterial genome, preventing excessive genetic rearrangements that could be detrimental to the organism's survival. The presence of a single F factor also helps regulate the frequency and specificity of conjugation events, contributing to the maintenance of genetic diversity within bacterial populations.

Understanding the role and limitations of F factors in bacterial chromosomes is crucial for comprehending the mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer in bacterial communities and their impact on bacterial evolution.