Final answer:
The RecA protein performs directed branch migration during recombination, has ATPase activity, and possesses multiple DNA binding sites, which makes option 5 (A, B, and C are all correct) the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
The RecA protein indeed facilitates directed branch migration during recombination, is an ATPase, and possesses multiple DNA binding sites. Therefore, the correct answer to the question would be that statements A, B, and C are all correct, which is option 5.
RecA and its homologs like Rad51 in eukaryotes and RadA in Archaea play a crucial role in DNA repair and meiosis in their respective organisms. RecA is involved in homologous recombination, repairing double-stranded DNA breaks as well as aiding in other DNA repair processes. It has ATPase activity that provides the energy required for its functions in repairing and facilitating the recombination of DNA. Furthermore, its multiple binding sites allow RecA to interact with DNA effectively, promoting the exchange of genetic information during recombination.
These functions are key in maintaining the integrity of the genome and are intimately involved with broader cellular mechanisms, such as coordinating with gene products like BRCA1 and BRCA2 in homologous recombination repair, which are crucial for preventing certain cancers.