Question

Is pedal edema reduced? Is this a subjective finding or objective? What are the objective measurements used?

1) Subjective finding only
2) Objective finding only
3) Both subjective and objective findings
4) Cannot be determined

Answer 1

Pedal edema assessment includes both subjective (patient's feelings of heaviness) and objective (physical signs like pitting) findings. Pitting edema is graded on a scale, and limb measurements can also track changes objectively, making the correct answer (3) Both subjective and objective findings.

Step-by-step explanation:

Assessing whether pedal edema is reduced can involve both subjective and objective findings. The subjective component comes from the patient's reports or complaints, such as a feeling of heaviness or tightness in the affected area which may decrease when edema is reduced. On the other hand, objective measurements include physical examination signs like the presence of pitting, where a healthcare professional can press a finger into the swollen area and a depression persists if edema is present.

The most common objective method to assess edema is through the grading of pitting. The practitioner applies pressure with their thumb for a few seconds and then releases it, observing if the indentation persists. This method gives an edema grade ranging from 1+ (mild) to 4+ (severe). Additionally, circumferential measurements of the limb can provide a numerical value that can be tracked over time to assess changes in swelling. As such, pedal edema can be determined using both subjective and objective data; therefore, the correct answer is (3) Both subjective and objective findings.