Final answer:
The approach used for summarizing numeric data fields in documents or records is typically referred to as document/record hash totals, which are used for data integrity checks, not to be confused with check digits or mathematical accuracy checks.
Step-by-step explanation:
When summarizing any numeric data field within an input document or record, the approach that reflects a summarization is typically referred to as document/record hash totals. A hash total is not a meaningful total itself, but rather an aggregate number created from the values of several fields, used to check for data integrity during processing or transmission. For example, if you have a series of invoices each with a unique invoice number, you might sum these numbers to create a hash total. This total can then be used to check the complete batch of invoices for accuracy when they are received or processed.
It is important to understand that a hash total does not serve the same function as a mathematical accuracy check or a reasonableness check, such as confirming the units or magnitude of a result. Different from a check digit which is used for error detection in individual numbers, hash totals serve to verify the integrity of a batch of records.
When considering significant figures, this means only the values we are confident in should be included in data summaries. Recording too many digits beyond the significant figure can imply a false sense of accuracy. An answer should always be checked for reasonableness by examining its magnitude, direction, and units.