Final answer:
Mitigation is a strategy to reduce greenhouse gases and prevent further emissions. The three planning approaches to mitigate risk are governmental regulations on fuel efficiency, carbon taxes or charges on burning fossil fuels, and existing institutionalized mitigation strategies.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mitigation is a strategy that aims to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere or prevent additional emissions. It focuses on fixing the problems caused by climate change. Mitigation is a strategy to reduce greenhouse gases and prevent further emissions. The three planning approaches to mitigate risk are governmental regulations on fuel efficiency, carbon taxes or charges on burning fossil fuels, and existing institutionalized mitigation strategies.
The three planning approaches discussed in the text as opportunities to mitigate risk are governmental regulations on fuel efficiency of vehicles, carbon taxes or charges on burning fossil fuels, and institutionalized mitigation strategies already in place in several countries.