Final answer:
The characteristic of an arthropod central nervous system is a CNS consisting of a chain of segmental ganglia.
Step-by-step explanation:
The characteristic of an arthropod central nervous system is a CNS consisting of a chain of segmental ganglia. Arthropods have clusters of nerve cell bodies, called peripheral ganglia, that are located along the ventral nerve cord. These ganglia are interconnected and control movements and behaviors without input from the brain.