Final answer:
Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) are written documents that serve as a guideline for performing tasks and operations within an organization reliably and consistently, most closely relating to option d. Documentation.
Step-by-step explanation:
SOPs, or Standard Operating Procedures, play a critical role in businesses and organizations. They are detailed, written instructions designed to serve as a benchmark for the performance of organizational tasks and operations. These documents provide a consistent way to carry out complex processes, ensuring that all members of an organization can perform tasks correctly and uniformly.
In the context of the options provided, SOPs most closely align with d. Documentation. They are not a code language, development strategy, or specific applications, but rather they form part of the core organizational documentation that instructs how tasks should be carried out. SOPs are essential for training new employees, maintaining quality control, and ensuring compliance with industry standards and regulations.