Final answer:
The proximal convoluted tubule is the part of the nephron that facilitates 60 - 80% of the reabsorption of glomerular filtrate. It is crucial in the removal of water, ions, and organic nutrients from the filtrate and returns them to the blood.
Step-by-step explanation:
The part of the nephron responsible for facilitating 60 - 80% of the reabsorption of glomerular filtrate is the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT). The PCT plays a crucial role in the removal of water, ions, and all organic nutrients from the filtrate, returning them back to the blood. The nephrons are structured in such a way that after filtration occurs in the glomerulus, the filtrate enters the Bowman's capsule, then proceeds to the PCT where most reabsorption takes place, followed by the loop of Henle, and finally the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) before reaching the collecting ducts. While the DCT and the collecting ducts also play roles in the fine-tuning of water and ion balance, it is the PCT that is primarily responsible for the bulk reabsorption of the filtrate.