Final answer:
The matching involves identifying the correct structural features that correspond to the given hydrocarbons: 2-butene matches the formula with a central double bond, 2-methylbutane corresponds to the Lewis structure with a branched chain, and 2-butyne fits the structure with a central triple bond.
Step-by-step explanation:
To correctly match the hydrocarbon names and structural formulas, let's go through each one:
- 2-butenewill have a double bond between the second and third carbon in a four-carbon chain, hence the name "but" indicating four carbons and "ene" indicating a double bond. The structure is CH3CH=CHCH3. This matches with the chemical formula given as CH3CH double bonded to CHCH3.
- 2-methylbutaneis an isomer of butane with a methyl group (CH3) attached to the second carbon of a four-carbon chain. If we look for a structure with a chain of four carbons where the second carbon has three hydrogens and the third carbon has a carbon attached (that extra carbon being the methyl group), it will be the first Lewis structure mentioned in the question.
- 2-butyne will have a triple bond between the second and third carbon atoms, so it requires the structure with the triple bond mentioned. Given that "yne" represents a triple bond, the Lewis structure described with 2 triple bonded C atoms in the middle is the correct one for 2-butyne.
Hydrocarbons can vary greatly based on the type of bonds and branching in their structures. Remember that while alkanes have single bonds, alkenes have double bonds, and alkynes have triple bonds.