Final answer:
The next cell in the neural pathway after a sensory neuron which releases an excitatory neurotransmitter is the interneuron. The interneuron serves to relay signals within the central nervous system, specifically to the thalamus and then to the cerebral cortex.Therefore, the answer to the question is (b) Interneuron
Step-by-step explanation:
The question concerns the next cell in the pathway of action potentials which releases an excitatory neurotransmitter (NT). Based on the provided information, the sequence involves a sensory neuron detecting a stimulus and sending a signal to the central nervous system (CNS) via a chemical signal at a synapse. This would then typically involve the activation of an interneuron, which would relay the sensory information to the thalamus, acting as a relay for sensory information. The thalamus sends the sensory information to the cerebral cortex, where conscious perception begins.
Therefore, the answer to the question is (b) Interneuron. An interneuron is a neuron that forms a connection between other neurons and is critical in the processing and relay of neural signals within the CNS.