Final answer:
The signs and symptoms of cardiac decompensation in a laboring client with cardiac disease include increased blood pressure, cyanosis and dyspnea, and reduced urine output, each indicating the heart's decreased ability to function properly. Close monitoring and understanding of cardiac output, stroke volume, and factors affecting heart contractility are critical for managing these patients (Options A, C, and D).
Step-by-step explanation:
The signs and symptoms of cardiac decompensation in a laboring client with cardiac disease can be quite serious and require immediate medical attention. Some of the key indicators include:
- Cyanosis and dyspnea, indicating inadequate oxygenation.
- Increased blood pressure, which may signify the heart's struggle to pump blood effectively.
- Altered heart rhythms or increased heart rate, signaling potential heart failure.
- Reduced urine output, suggesting decreased renal perfusion due to poor cardiac output.
It is crucial for healthcare professionals to monitor these symptoms along with other factors such as decreased pH of the blood, increased carbon dioxide levels, increased Na+ levels.
Also, decreased aldosterone secretion, and increased blood volume, which can all be indicative of worsening cardiac function.
Comprehending the cardiac response to variations in blood flow and pressure is vital, particularly during labor when the body is under increased stress.
Factors affecting stroke volume and cardiac output must be closely summarized to provide efficient care.
Additionally, distinguishing between positive and negative factors that affect heart contractility is essential for understanding a patient's condition.
Hence, the correct answers are Options A, C, and D.