Question

The nursing instructor is teaching nursing students about myocardial contractility and ejection fractions. What diagnostic tests can determine client ejection fractions? Select all that apply.

A. Echocardiogram
B. Cardiac catheterization
C. Magnetic resonance imaging
D. Positron emission tomography scan
E.Troponin levels

Answer 1

Ejection fraction can be measured using an echocardiogram, cardiac catheterization, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These tests provide images and data to assess the volume of blood being pumped out of the heart's left ventricle.

Step-by-step explanation:

The diagnostic tests that can determine a client's ejection fraction include:

• A. Echocardiogram: A non-invasive ultrasound test that uses sound waves to produce images of the heart, allowing the measurement of ejection fraction by observing the volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle with each heartbeat.
• B. Cardiac catheterization: A procedure that involves inserting a catheter into the heart through blood vessels, which can measure pressures and take images to assess the ejection fraction.
• C. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): This test uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the heart and can accurately measure ejection fraction.

Devices or tests such as positron emission tomography scans and biomarkers like troponin levels do not directly measure ejection fraction; hence, they do not apply to this question.