Question

Isolated cleft lip and palate is a multifactorial trait. The recurrence risk of isolated cleft lip and palate is:

a. The same in all families
b. Not dependent upon the number of affected family members
c. The same in all ethnic groups
d. The same in males and females
e. Affected by the severity of the cleft

Answer 1

Recurrence risk for isolated cleft lip and palate is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, the severity of the defect, and varies among families and ethnic groups. It is not the same for males and females.

Step-by-step explanation:

The recurrence risk of isolated cleft lip and palate is affected by several factors including the number of affected family members and the severity of the cleft. This trait can be considered multifactorial, meaning it's influenced by multiple genes and environmental factors. Cleft lip is more common in males, occurring in about 1 in 1,000 births, while cleft palate is seen more frequently in females, with an incidence of 1 in 2,500 births. The recurrence risk is not the same in all families, as it can be influenced by genetic background and environmental factors. Additionally, risk varies between ethnic groups and depends on the sex of the offspring, contradicting options a, c, and d.