Final answer:
In stage 2, the Crude Birth Rate (CBR) remains high while the Crude Death Rate (CDR) drops, resulting in high population growth. This demographic shift occurs alongside the beginning of urbanization and economic integration with the global market.
Step-by-step explanation:
In stage 2 of demographic transition, the Crude Death Rate (CDR) drops due to improvements in healthcare and nutrition, but the Crude Birth Rate (CBR) remains high as cultural norms and economic incentives still favor larger families. This results in a population explosion as the death rate declines while the birth rate remains high, leading to a high population growth rate. The economic structure begins to change as well, with rural regions urbanizing and integrating with global markets, often creating an abundance of cheap labor and maintaining low income levels despite the population growth.