Final answer:
Mass is an extensive and quantitative property of an object, representing the amount of matter and measured by its inertia. It varies directly with the amount of matter and remains the same in any location.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mass is a physical quantity that represents the amount of matter in an object and is measured by the object’s inertia - its resistance to changes in motion. Mass is an extensive property because it depends on the amount of matter present.
For example, a gallon of milk has more mass than a cup of milk, illustrating that mass is directly proportional to the quantity of matter. Furthermore, mass is a quantitative property since it can be measured and expressed as a numerical value, independent of the object’s location.
In contrast, an intensive property does not depend on the amount of matter and remains unchanged regardless of the sample size.
A familiar intensive property is temperature, which remains consistent whether you have a cup or a gallon of milk at room temperature. Another example would be density, defined as the ratio of mass to volume, which is also an intensive property.