Final answer:
The process described is an example of ecological succession, where grasses were replaced by shrubs, evergreen trees, and eventually a forest.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process described in the question is an example of ecological succession. Ecological succession is the gradual process by which an ecosystem changes over time. In this case, the lava from the erupting volcano destroyed the area, and over time grasses started to grow, which were then replaced by shrubs, evergreen trees, and finally a forest.