Final answer:
Tajikistan faced political and economic clashes with Russia post-Soviet independence, including a civil war and struggles with market economy development, with outside countries providing aid to gain regional influence.
Step-by-step explanation:
The country in Central Asia that has experienced political and economic clashes with Russia is Tajikistan. Following its independence from the Soviet Union in 1991, Tajikistan underwent a painful transition including a civil war from 1992 to 1997 which resulted in significant casualties and a fractured society. The civil war in Tajikistan involved various regional factions, and the country faced political instability and corruption, impeding the development of a market economy. Efforts from countries such as Russia, China, and the United States, including financial aid and developmental loans, have aimed at aiding the economy of Tajikistan, establishing influence, and securing access to the region's natural resources.
Additionally, nations like Russia see Central Asian countries as strategic assets in terms of natural resources and geopolitical influence. However, the historical context of Russia's relationship with Central Asian nations paints a complex picture of colonial expansion, Soviet control, and post-Soviet struggle for independence and economic stability.