Final answer:
To find the mass of carbon in 100g of butane, calculate the percentage of the total molar mass attributed to carbon and then apply that percentage to the 100g. The resulting mass of carbon in 100g of butane is approximately 82.6 g, which suggests an error in the provided options.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks to calculate the mass of carbon in 100g of butane (C4H10). To do this, we first calculate the molar mass of butane. Carbon (C) has an atomic mass of 12.01 g/mol and hydrogen (H) has an atomic mass of 1.01 g/mol. The molar mass of butane is calculated as follows:
- (4 C atoms) x (12.01 g/mol) = 48.04 g/mol for C
- (10 H atoms) x (1.01 g/mol) = 10.10 g/mol for H
- Total molar mass of C4H10 = 58.14 g/mol
Next, we find the percentage of carbon in butane by weight:
Percentage of C = (Mass of C in the formula / Molar mass of C4H10) x 100
Percentage of C = (48.04 g/mol / 58.14 g/mol) x 100 ≈ 82.59%
Finally, we calculate the mass of carbon in 100 g of butane:
Mass of carbon = (Percentage of C / 100) x Mass of butane
Mass of carbon ≈ 82.59% x 100g ≈ 82.6 g
The mass of carbon in 100g of butane is approximately 82.6 g, so the correct answer is not among the options given (A, B, C, D).