Question

An animal cell is trying to create needed materials like energy. Which organelle is missing from the process in the model below?

Cell membrane -> ? -> Mitochondria

a) Nucleus
b) Cytoplasm
c) Ribosomes
d) Nucleolus

Answer 1

In the process of creating energy in an animal cell, the organelle that is missing from the cell membrane to the mitochondria is the cytoplasm.

Step-by-step explanation:

Considering the process of cellular respiration and production of energy in an animal cell, the model given shows a sequence that starts with the cell membrane, leading to a missing organelle, and then to the mitochondria. If the cell is working to create energy, the missing step in the process between the cell membrane and the mitochondria is likely the cytoplasm, where glucose is initially broken down to provide the precursors for the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation within the mitochondria. Hence, the correct answer is b) Cytoplasm.

DNA, the genetic material, can be found in the nucleus of an animal cell. The ribosomes, which are essential for protein synthesis, can be bound to the endoplasmic reticulum, forming rough endoplasmic reticulum, or floating free in the cytoplasm. The mitochondria are referred to as the power plants of the cell because they generate ATP by oxidizing the breakdown products of glucose and other nutrients. This is why mitochondria are crucial for the cell's energy supply.

Answer 2

The missing organelle in the process described between the cell membrane and the mitochondria is "Ribosomes". Therefore, the correct option is c) Ribosomes.

Step-by-step explanation:

The missing organelle in the process of creating needed materials like energy between the cell membrane and mitochondria is the ribosomes. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, including enzymes and other proteins necessary for cellular functions like energy production within the mitochondria. Without ribosomes, the cell would not be able to create the essential proteins required for various cellular processes, including energy production and metabolism.

Ribosomes are the cellular machinery that translates the genetic instructions from the nucleus (via mRNA) into functional proteins. These proteins are vital components of the mitochondria, where cellular respiration occurs to generate energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate).

The absence of ribosomes in this process would disrupt the production of necessary proteins, impacting the functioning of mitochondria and hindering the cell's ability to create energy efficiently. Hence, identifying ribosomes as the missing organelle is crucial in understanding how cellular functions, including energy production, rely on protein synthesis facilitated by these structures. Therefore, the correct option is c) Ribosomes.