Final answer:
Physical and foreign barriers to trade in the early 19th century included the lack of efficient transportation infrastructure and trade restrictions. The alternate trade route used was the Santa Fe Trail. The Louisiana Purchase improved trade in the U.S by providing access to important ports, opening up new territories for settlement and cultivation, and enabling westward migration.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the early 19th century, there were several physical and foreign barriers to trade. One physical barrier was the lack of efficient transportation infrastructure, such as roads and canals, which made it difficult to transport goods over long distances. Another physical barrier was the presence of geographic features, such as mountains and rivers, that made trade routes more challenging to navigate.
Foreign barriers to trade included tariffs and trade restrictions imposed by other countries. These barriers made it more expensive and difficult for American merchants to export goods or import goods from other countries.
One alternate trade route that was used during this time was the Santa Fe Trail. The Santa Fe Trail was a trade route that connected Missouri to Santa Fe, New Mexico. It was used to trade goods between the United States and Mexico.
The Louisiana Purchase improved trade in the U.S in several ways. Firstly, it provided access to the port of New Orleans, which was a vital trading hub. Secondly, it opened up a vast territory for settlement and cultivation, leading to increased agricultural production, such as cotton, which could be exported. Finally, the Louisiana Purchase also enabled the expansion of trade along the Mississippi River and facilitated westward migration and exploration.