Final answer:
Muhammad was troubled by the greed, corruption, and idolatry of his society, which led him to his revelations and creation of Islam.
Step-by-step explanation:
Aspects of Arab life that troubled Muhammad included the prevalent greed and corruption in Meccan society, as well as the widespread idolatry and polytheistic practices. These societal issues prompted him to seek solitude and meditate in the desert. During his meditations, around the age of forty, Muhammad received revelations from the archangel Gabriel. This became the cornerstone of a new monotheistic religion, Islam, calling for the worship of a single God, Allah, and advocating for social responsibility. Despite resistance and eventual exile from Mecca due to his revolutionary message, Muhammad's teachings would go on to unite the Arab tribes and create a lasting religious community, the ummah, marking a significant turn in the history of the Middle East.