Final answer:
The three psychologists discussed are Sigmund Freud, known for his psychodynamic theory; William James, who emphasized pragmatism and the study of consciousness; and Wilhelm Wundt, the founder of experimental psychology focusing on introspection.
Step-by-step explanation:
Major Psychologists and Their Theories
Within the field of psychology, several theorists have made significant contributions. Among them, Sigmund Freud is known for his psychodynamic theory, which suggests that personality is shaped by unconscious motivations and conflicts. His work emphasizes the role of early childhood experiences and the Oedipus complex in shaping personality.
Another key figure is William James, who is considered the father of American psychology; his theory places a strong emphasis on the study of consciousness and pragmatism. Lastly, Wilhelm Wundt, the founder of experimental psychology, contributed his theory that emphasized the importance of introspection and the analysis of conscious experience into basic elements.
Major points include Freud's focus on the unconscious mind, James's emphasis on the pragmatism and adaptive function of consciousness, and Wundt’s methodological approach to understanding the structure of conscious experience.