Final answer:
James Madison considered the 'various and unequal distribution of property' important due to his concerns about the formation of factions, the domination of politics, and the infringement upon the public interest. He argued that the large size and diversity of the nation would prevent the development of powerful political parties and protect the government from being controlled by biased majorities.
Step-by-step explanation:
James Madison, one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, considered the 'various and unequal distribution of property' important because he believed that it would lead to the formation of factions and special interests. Madison argued in Federalist No. 10 that factions could potentially dominate the nation's politics and work against the public interest.
He believed that the large size of the republic and the diversity of its people would prevent the development of powerful political parties and protect the government from being controlled by biased majorities. Madison's aim was to establish a government capable of controlling the potential harm caused by factions and ensuring justice.