Final answer:
Effective responses are brief and convey information clearly and concisely. In research, deception might be used to prevent skewed results, but ethically, it must be followed by a debriefing. Dishonesty and unnecessary complexity do not contribute to effective communication.
Step-by-step explanation:
Effective responses in any form of communication, whether it be an academic paper, business presentation, or a simple dialogue, are c. brief. This means that the responses should be concise and to the point, providing enough information to be understood without being verbose or including unnecessary details. It is also important to avoid being dishonest—a trait that is not found in effective responses. Complexity can make understanding more difficult, and length can dilute the message's impact.
In the context of research, researchers might use various methods in their studies. For instance, deception can be used in research to prevent participants from altering their behavior in ways that would skew the results. However, ethical guidelines require that any deception must be justified and that participants are provided with a debriefing after the study to explain the deception and the true nature of the study.