Final answer:
The question pertains to the null and alternative hypotheses in statistical hypothesis testing. The null hypothesis suggests no effect or no difference, whereas the alternative hypothesis indicates that there is an effect or difference.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question seems to be about the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis in statistics, which are foundational concepts in hypothesis testing. The null hypothesis (H0) is a statement that there is no effect or no difference, and it is what you test against. The alternative hypothesis (H1 or Ha), on the other hand, is a statement that there is an effect or a difference, and it is what you hope to support with evidence.
To conduct a hypothesis test, you collect data and calculate a test statistic to determine whether to reject the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative hypothesis. If your test statistic is within a pre-determined range, you fail to reject the null hypothesis; if it falls outside that range, you reject the null hypothesis, suggesting that the alternative hypothesis may be true.