Final answer:
Without the frequency of the AC generator, we cannot calculate the voltage across a 19.0 nF capacitor with the provided information. The voltage across a capacitor in an AC circuit is affected by both the peak voltage and the frequency, which determines the capacitive reactance.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the voltage across a 19.0 nF capacitor when connected to an AC generator with a peak voltage of 4.10 V, we would typically use the relationship between the capacitor's reactance and the supplied voltage. However, as no frequency is provided for the AC generator, we cannot calculate the reactance of the capacitor. With the given information, it is not possible to provide a detailed result as the AC generator's frequency significantly affects the voltage across the capacitor. If additional relevant details, such as the frequency, were supplied, similar to the example where a 10 μF capacitor is connected to an AC source of 60 Hz, we could use the formula: V = I × Xc, where V is the voltage across the capacitor, I is the current, and Xc is the capacitive reactance. In the other examples provided, the relationships between charge, voltage, and capacitance are outlined, such as Uc = C × V2 which represents the energy stored in the capacitor. For example, a heart defibrillator's capacity was calculated based on the energy stored and the initial voltage whereas, in another instance, the voltage applied to a capacitor was calculated from the stored charge and its capacitance.