Final answer:
An inductor connected in series with a resistor and a battery is represented by the option: d. an inductor connected in series with a resistor.
Step-by-step explanation:
An inductor connected in series with a resistor and a battery is represented by the option: d. an inductor connected in series with a resistor.
When the switch is moved to position 2 and cuts off the battery, the current in the circuit decreases due to energy dissipation by the resistor. However, the inductor opposes this decrease in current by inducing an EMF (electromotive force) in the same direction as the battery. The inductor stores energy, which is dissipated at a finite rate as the current approaches zero. The behavior of the current in this circuit is exponential.
In summary, when the voltage applied to an inductor is changed, the current also changes, but the change in current lags the change in voltage in an RL circuit.