Final answer:
Neuroscientists are the scientists who study the brain and its impact on behavior and cognitive functions, encompassing an interdisciplinary field called neuroscience. The correct answer is option B.
Step-by-step explanation:
Scientists who study the brain and its impact on behavior and cognitive functions are called neuroscientists. Neuroscientists engage in a field known as neuroscience, which is an interdisciplinary branch of biology that applies techniques from various fields to study the nervous system. This includes exploring molecular, cellular, developmental, medical, and computational aspects. Within this domain, biological psychologists also examine how the structure and function of the nervous system generate behavior, encompassing a wide array of research interests such as sensory and motor systems, neurodevelopment, and neuroplasticity.
Fields such as behavioral neurology specifically focus on how neurological conditions impact memory and cognition, while other sub-disciplines like neuroanthropology consider how culture and the brain interact. Various scientists, including biologists, psychologists, medical professionals, and chemists, are involved in neuroscientific research due to its broad and integrative nature.